2022 Inguqulo ye-INDONESIA UMBIKO : I-Wood Pellets Production kanye ne-Wood Pellet Indonesia

Amapulangwe okhuni (I-Wood Pellet, WP) kuphethiloli (BB) prima donna okwamanje ikakhulukazi ezweni ukuthi has 4 izinkathi zonyaka esikhundleni sikaphethiloli esikhundleni samalahle (ngokwengxenye / ngokuphelele) endaweni kagesi ephehlwa ngamalahle, umshini wokomisa umoya, isitofu se-biomass, kanye nokomisa ezinsizeni zokuwasha. Okwamanje, ukumaketha kwe-WP ezweni kulawulwa ngemodeli yephakheji enezitofu noma umshini wokushisa osetshenziswa ekhaya (ukushintshwa kwe-LPG), imboni yokucubungula ukudla kwezitshalo njengenkukhu, tofu, Jogja efudumele, indawo yokudlela / izitebele zokudla, itiye esomisa isithando somlilo / ugwayi / ukolweni / izinhlanzi, osomabhizinisi ukudla okuthosiwe, Izindlela eziqondile ze-chipper yebhulashi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uthenga luphi uhlobo lwe-chipper. Lapha sinikeza i i-wood pellet yase-Indonesia bika kumakhasimende adinga lokhu, funda kabanzi ngebhizinisi lakho lokwenza ama-pellet.

Isidingo esikhulu se-WP ku-LN esibangelwa amazwe athunyelwa ngaphandle kwamalahle (INingizimu Korea, Japan, China, kanye neNdiya) kancane zishintshela ku-WP zisezingeni elihle, nemvelo, futhi ivuseleleke (okubonakala ngesidingo samapulangwe ezinkuni emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe kukhula ngokushesha). Ngokwesinye isandla, I-China kancane kancane isiqala ukuvimbela ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle (ikhalori ephansi) kuzakhamizi zayo (ngenxa yokungcola nokukhishwa kwesibabule esiphezulu). I-Australia kanye ne-U.S. ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle. I-Indonesia nayo ishintsha kancane kancane ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle ngamapulangwe okhuni. (ISO 8021:2014).

Ukukhuphuka kwentengo yamalahle ngenxa yokuqina konyaka wokukhiqiza 2016, okubangela Intengo Yereferensi Yamalahle (I-HBA) yase-Indonesia emakethe yamazwe ngamazwe (Novemba 2016) qala amamitha kufika ku-$84,89/ton ngaphambilini, (Disemba 2016) US$69,07/ton, ngisho nange-USD100/ton ngo-December 2016, okungukuthi kube US$101,69/ton. Nokho, onyakeni 2019, I-HBA iyehla njengangonyaka 2016, futhi ingabonakala esithombeni esingenhla (6322kcal/kg, Umkhumbi we-FOB). Kwakungenxa yokwehla kwesidingo esivela eChina naseNdiya, kanye nokuthutheleka kwamalahle eRussia ezimakethe zase-Asia, China, nase-Australia. Imithombo yamandla nezimbiwa phansi ibeka ukukhiqizwa kwamalahle 2019 cishe amathani angama-489jt. Ngaphambilini th 2018 kuhlanganiswe amathani angama-485jt, kodwa ukugcwaliseka kwe 557 amathani ayizigidi.

Ngokwesinye isandla, mayelana 50 benkampani baba ngabalingani be-PT PJB ukwakha amandla PLANZA umlomo wemayini (MT) (isamba esingu-6GW) ngobuchwepheshe obunobungani bemvelo obubaluleke kakhulu ku-boilernya ukuze kwehliswe inani lokuthunyelwa ngaphandle (okuzobuye kwenyuse intengo) ngesikhathi esisodwa ukusheshisa ukugcwaliseka kohlelo amandla 35,000 MW. Isibonelo: amandla ISITSHALO MT Jambi (2x300MW); I-Riau (2x300MW); ISouth Sumatra 1, 6 (2x300MW, I-Tanjung Enim, 3jt amathani amalahle/ngonyaka, 2026), 8 (2x260MW, Huadian Bukit Asam Amandla 45% + I-China Huadian 55%, Ngokwesibonelo, Muara, 5,4 amathani ayizigidi zamalahle/ngonyaka); Kastelian 3, 4, 5; I-East Kalimantan 3, 5 (200MW), 6, Ichweba le-Java; kanye ne-United Tractors (2x15MW, enkabeni yeKalimantan).

Okunye ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle ukuguqulelwa ekubeni yi-syngas (igesi zokwenziwa) ngokusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-gasification (i-gasification plasma) ukuguqula ama-syngas abe ngugesi, noma ezinye izinto ezifana ne-methanol, I-DME, ammonia, Izindlela eziqondile ze-chipper yebhulashi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uthenga luphi uhlobo lwe-chipper.

Kunezinye zezizathu zokuthi amalahle azophahlazeka ngamapulangwe ezinkuni:

• I-Wood pellet yi-BB evuselelekayo (kukhona njalo, kanye angashintsha isikhundla samalahle esikhathini esizayo), kanye nendawo enobungane, kuyilapho amalahle engavuseleleki (ezisebenzisekayo) futhi ayihambisani nemvelo. Ngakho-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwamalahle ezingeni lamazwe ngamazwe ukuze kuphile. Ngakho, kunamathuba okwandisa ukuhlinzekwa kukagesi kazwelonke nge-BB wood pellets.
• I-Calorie wood pellets ilingana ne-calorie low coal.
• Ukukhiqizwa kwekhabhoni ephansi kunamalahle.
• Izindleko zikagesi zikhiqize amapulangwe ezinkuni ukuze athathe indawo yamalahle alingana nalawo akhiqiza igesi yemvelo eshibhile kunamalahle..
• Izisebenzi zazidinga amandla PLAY amapulangwe okhuni (okuhlanganisa ukulungiswa kwengqalasizinda yamapulangwe ezinkuni) Okuningi (engeza umsebenzi), okumayelana 3.480 abantu, kuyilapho i-PLANT yamandla aqhunyiswa ngamalahle enamandla afanayo idinga abasebenzi abangaba 2.540 abantu. 2/10/2020 2/31
• Isidingo samapulangwe ezinkuni siyasimama esikhathini eside ukugqugquzela ababambiqhaza ukuthi balondoloze futhi bathuthukise ukuphathwa kwamahlathi, kanye nokuthuthukisa umhlaba obalulekile (izimayini zamalahle zangaphambili, igolide, ithini, i-nickel, njll.) ungene ehlathini lezitshalo zezimboni amapellets ezinkuni ezikhethekile (isib. izinkuni Kaliandra Mo (KM), Othandekayo / I-Giant Macaranga, I-Karamunting / I-Melastoma Malabatricum)
• Isidingo samapulangwe ezinkuni avela kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba siyaqhubeka nokuthutheleka e-Indonesia. Kufanele isetshenziselwe ukuthuthukisa iholo lomphakathi
• I-Indonesia iyakwazi ukukhiqiza i-biomass kagesi ~to 49.8 GW (Isidingo sase-Indonesia samandla kazwelonke engeziwe 35 GW). Amandla e-biomass ayekhona 146.7 amathani ayizigidi/ngonyaka atholakala ensaleleni yerayisi (150GJ/ngenyanga), izinkuni zenjoloba (120 GJ/ngonyaka), izinsalela zikashukela (78 GJ/ngonyaka), izinsalela zamafutha esundu (67 GJ/ngonyaka), nezinye imfucuza yezinto eziphilayo (20GJ/unyaka).

Njengoba kwaziwa, Umhlaba we-WP womsebenzisi th 2013 (23.6 amathani ayizigidi) kwaqoshwa isimo saseJapan, INingizimu Korea, China (2 amathani ayizigidi), EYurophu (12amathoni nje) (futhi ama-emitters amakhulu kakhulu, okungukuthi iJalimane, eSweden, I-Latvia, kanye nePortugal), e-US (3 amathani ayizigidi), Russia (2 amathani ayizigidi) naseCanada (3 amathani ayizigidi).

Nakuba amazwe abasebenzisi be-WP bekwazi ukukhiqiza awabo, kodwa abakakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ze-WP DN bona (kufanele ungenise), ngenxa yokukhula kwezinkuni emazweni asezindaweni ezishisayo kancane kunasemazweni ashisayo. Isibonelo: phakathi 2013, isidingo saseYurophu 19 amathani ayizigidi [10 (kushisa) + 9 (izimboni)] (ngaphansi kwe-7juta tons), Canada (4amathoni nje) (Ngaphansi 1 amathani ayizigidi), E-Asia (Japan & INingizimu Korea) Ngaphansi 1 amathani ayizigidi. Izwe lesibili lase-Asia elizoba ngumthengisi we-WP ngobukhulu eminyakeni eyishumi ezayo (kulinganiselwa ukuthi cishe 5 amathani ayizigidi ze-th 2020). Th 2016, I-WP yokungenisa yaseJapane 400 amathani (ngemva kwengozi yenuzi yaseFukushima th 2014), kuyilapho i-Carousel idinga 1.7 amathani ayizigidi.

Ukukhiqizwa komhlaba we-WP kusondela kumathani angama-28juta (2015, zokushisa 15, imboni 13juta). Okwamanje,ukumaketha kwe-WP global ukukhiqiza ugesi nokushisa kuyaqhubeka nokukhula cishe 14.1% ngonyaka. Unyaka 2020, isidingo se-WP kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphuke 80 amathani ayizigidi. Ngakho-ke, amanye amazwe, isibonelo iNingizimu Korea, Japan, EYurophu (ngenisa ~14juta ton/2014), i-U.S., futhi Canada wazama ukuthola impahla eluhlaza ezweni elishisayo omunye wabo e-Indonesia. Intengo elandelayo ye-WP eYurophu (eSwitzerland, E-Austria, kanye neJalimane) okungabonwa eGambar phezulu (~centEuro/kg). Inyanga kaSep 2018, isilinganiso senani lentengo WP ENplusA1 e-Austria 236,5 I-EUR/ton.

Kusukela 2012, i-Carousel ihlose ukusetshenziswa Amandla Avuselelekayo okungenani 2%, kanye nonyaka 2022 ukusetshenziswa biomass kufanele angene 10%, yazo 60% ivela ku-WP. Feb 2015, imakethe isidingo Carousel ukuhlinzeka ngaphezu 280,000 amathani ezidingo zekhaya nokudla & imboni yesiphuzo. Mayelana 70,3% I-WP Carousel iwukungenisa kwe-pellet (I-Indonesia iyahlinzeka kuphela >7% ku-Carousel, ngokunembile nxazonke 8.940 amathani we 122.447 amathani ngonyaka 2012, kanti okunye kungeniswe eRussia, I-Malaysia, kanye neVietnam).

Ngaleso sikhathi, intengo CIF WP Indonesia isikhumulo sezindiza intela (US$131/thani, ngaphansi kweVietnam US$144/ton, kanye neMalaysia US$141/tonne). Ukungenisa okuvela e-Indonesia kwaqhubeka nokuba khona kwenkampani ye-kerma i-Carousel Depian Co. Ltd. ne-PT Inhutani III engaphansi kukahulumeni (ukuthuthukisa imboni yemboni yamahlathi engu-5000-8000Ha ePelaihari, eningizimu yeKalimantan nge-PT SL Agri ukuze kuthekeliswe i-WP kuze kube 100,000 amathani, th 2015). Esikhathini esizayo, ezinye izinkampani zaseNingizimu Korea bezilokhu zihlola ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukungenisa i-WP e-Australia, Vietnam, I-Indonesia, Philippines, I-Malaysia, Thailand, Canada, kanye ne-US. I-carousel idinga i-PLANTI yamandla esebenzisa i-WP.

Ngenisa i-WP Carousel ngaphakathi 2014 futhi 2015 kubonakala ezithombeni eziseceleni. Ngalowo nyaka, I-Indonesia ithumele i-WP 150,000 amathani (I-Malaysia 60,000 amathani), okuyinto kuphela mayelana 4%. Okwamanje, igobolondo le-palm kernel (Igobolondo lePalm Kernel) kula mazwe amabili yathunyelwa eJapan ngamanani amancane. I-carousel ngokwayo ingenisa i-WP ngentengo yendawo yonke (109-135) Isidingo samapulangwe ezinkuni eningizimu ye-korea Ukunikezwa kwamapulangwe okhuni ku-Carousel 2/10/2020 3/31 I-Euro/ton (2015). Ngaleso sikhathi, I-Vietnam ibilokhu ithumela i-WP ku-Carousel nxazonke 71%.

Kubanikazi bomhlaba (amakhulu/izinkulungwane zamahektha) e-Indonesia futhi banentshisekelo ebhizinisini le-WP, sicela uqaphele abaqashi bakwamanye amazwe (ama-scalpers) abathenga i-sawdust wood i-DN ngentengo eshibhile, ngoba zizothumela ngendlela ye-WP ku-Rok noma e-Japan. Kufanele wenze i-WP ngokwayo ku-DN futhi uzithumele yona ku-LN.

Uhlu: Abameleli baseNingizimu Korea e-Indonesia, Omele i-Indonesian ku-Carousel, i-Ejensi / Inhlangano ye-Wood Pellet ku-Carousel, kanye nosomabhizinisi / I-Importir Carousel ingabonwa lapha (Meyi 2014).

I-Consortium yaseKorea imele i-CEO ye-GIMCO isayine ukubambisana (I-MoU) ne-Kemendes PDTT (kanye ne-PT Alam Bumi Cemerlang), ukuze kusetshenziswe imfucuza/ummbila we-weevil (3500-4500kcal/kg) (phakathi 24 izifunda) zibe amapulangwe okhuni azoshintshwa ukuze kube yidolobhana likagesi endaweni yeTransmigration, Izimpawu, Sumbawa, I-NTB. I-Weevil izohlanganiswa nesihlahla uGamal (4168kcal/kg, okuqukethwe kwamanzi 24%, okuqukethwe umlotha kuyinto 2.97%) kanye noCalliandra (5000Ha) azosetshenziswa njengamapulangwe okhuni futhi athunyelwe eningizimu korea ukuze athole amafutha e-PLTBm Carousel. Ukutshalwa kwezimali okungu-USD400juta okutshalwe noma kunjalo ukuxhasa imboni yamapulangwe okhuni 400.000 amathani/ngonyaka kanye ne-PLTBm engu-30MW eSumbawa.

I-Sawdust, utshani berayisi/ukolweni, ikhoba lelayisi (3300kcal/kg), isikhwama / isikhwama (ezinoshukela 2.5%, inani le-caloric le 1.825 kcal), izihlanga zombila/amabele, udoti wamaqabunga, utshani, amagatsha, I-Palm EFB (tankos palm), kanye nezingxenye zezitshalo ezithathwe njengemfucuza zingaba umthombo we-WP. Amabhizinisi WP aqala ukutshala izinkuni ngokushesha avune ukunakekelwa okuncane, kanye nokuqukethwe kwamandla aphezulu njengengxube yemfucuza tsb. Ngokwesibonelo: I-Petai china (Leucaena leucocephala), i-calliandra ebomvu (KM) (UCaliandra calothyrsus), kanye noGamali (Izithako ze-Gliricide). Inhloso yokwenza i-WP inani le-calorific lemfucuza yezinkuni izothuthukiswa ukuze i-BB-calorie isondele kumalahle. (5.000 - 6.000 kcal), okumayelana 4.200 - 4.800 kcal ngokuqukethwe umlotha mayelana 0.5-3%.

I-Kaliandra ebomvu (KM) iyimpahla eluhlaza ye-WP engcono kakhulu uma kuqhathaniswa nebhanana lesiShayina, gamal, kanye ne-sengon buton ukusuka ohlangothini lwejubane ukuze ukhule. Amandla aqukethwe ku-KM 4600kkal/kg, yenza 7.400 kcal/kg, 1 kg of pellets KM ilingana amandla ezishisayo 5.35 kWh noma ugesi 1,355 kWh. Ukunothisa inhlabathi ngokufaka initrogen enhlabathini, kanye nesisindo sohlobo, ukuze okuqukethwe komlotha kube ngaphansi. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isikhathi sokuphila se-KM singafika 29 iminyaka yokutshala, futhi ingavunwa 2 izikhathi ngonyaka, ngakho idinga 1.5 iminyaka yokukhiqiza ugesi. I-Ha KM eyodwa ingakhiqiza izinkuni 20-65m3/year noma 20-35ton/year. Ukuminyana kokutshala okungenani 5000 izihlahla/Ha (isikhala 1x2m), ingasikwa ifike ku-1m ngaphezu kwezinga lomhlabathi ngokuphindaphindiwe njalo 4 izinyanga (3 x ngonyaka) lapho ivundile futhi imvula eningi. Ngaphansi kwezitendi zikakhukhunathi (ukukhanya kwe 60%), I-KM ingatshalwa njengokugcwalisa izitshalo.

Inamandla angu-100kW, izindleko zokutshalwa kwezimali cishe kwezigidigidi ezi-Rp.5.5 (Jan 2017) kubandakanya nokuhlinzekwa komhlaba obalulekile 30Ha (indawo yokuqasha Rp.1.5 M ye 20 iminyaka, izithombo, nokutshala / ukugcinwa kwe 250,000 izihlahla).

I-KM hhayi nje njengempahla eluhlaza ye-WP, amaqabunga njengokudla kwemfuyo (amaprotheni aphezulu), kanye nenzalo lapho njengamasimu emfuyo yezinyosi (ukukhiqizwa koju (Uju Olumhlophe Kaliandra) lisuselwa umpe izimbali KM edume emhlabeni. I-Ha KM eyodwa ikhiqiza uju okungenani 1 ton/unyaka (1000 kg x rp. 50.000/kg = Rp.50million/unyaka = Rp.4.17 million/ngenyanga), kanti eYurophu ingafinyelela 2 amathani/th) okwe 15 iminyaka ngaphandle kokwelashwa izindlela. I-Radius yezinyosi ifuna umpe endaweni eyi-5km.

I-KM ikhula kahle endaweni eyi-400-600m ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle, pH ~ 5, lamanzi amancane. Imboni izophinde isebenze njengezitshalo ezimboza umhlabathi (ilahlekile) (inhlabathi evundisayo / ukongiwa komhlaba / ukuguguleka okuqinile endaweni etshekile / izimayini zomhlabathi njengethayela, amalahle, igolide, i-nickel, njll.) ukuze ugweme uzamcolo futhi uguqule umhlaba ube bucayi, omile, isihlabathi, futhi eyinyumba, ngoba usebenza njengomanyolo womhlaba, izimpande zezinambuzane ezibulewe zandizela emhlabathini, nezimpande ezithambile zomunye ezifinyelela ebusweni bomhlaba. I-KM isebenzela ukugcina ukusimama kwemvelo.

Ezinye izibonelo zendawo ye-pn KM:

• I-Gamal ne-calliandra itshalwe eSumbawa 5000 Ha.
• 100izinkulungwane ze-batang ezweni elibucayi e-Wonogiri ngokubambisana noMnyango we-PDT;
• P Okufushane (I-Riau Islands) (ezweni lezimayini zangaphambili ezibucayi);
• North Gorontalo (PT Citra Makmur Kencana).
• Isibonelo sokuthuthukiswa kwe-KM njenge-WP (ET) ukushintshwa kwamalahle yizinhlangano ezingekho ngaphansi kukahulumeni (alukho usizo lukahulumeni) kwenziwa e-Butur (imigqa. Inkinobho eNyakatho, IzA. Southeast Sulawesi). Ekuqaleni inkulisa KM kuphela 100,000 izihlahla zakhiwe eKulbar (ngaphandle. Futhi eNtshonalanga) ngoguquko (Ukunyakaza kwabadobi Tani Indonesia) Butur, ngomgomo wezihlahla eziyisigidi esikhathini esizayo. I-MoU ne-PT Energy Indonesia (ifektri WP) kwasayinwa ukuthenga ama-MILES kubalimi.

Inqubo yokwenza ama-pellets ezinkuni:

• Lungiselela izinto kusengaphambili
• Faka isomisi somshini ukuze wehlise umthamo wamanzi uze ufinyelele 10%
• Faka impushana eyomile (lokho kuhlanganiswe nofulawa we-tapioca; akudingeki ukuba bagas, ngoba kakade iqukethe ushukela) ngokucindezelwa nokushiselwa nxazonke 180 oC kubenzi bomshini bamapellets anomphumela wokugcina we-WP berdiamater emise okwesilinda 6-10 mm ubude, 1-3 cm, kanye nokuminyana kwe 650 kg/m3. UCalliandra Calothyrsus Izinyosi zimunca i-flower essence KM 2/10/2020 4/31
• Goqa/iphakethe le, thumela kwamanye amaqembu

Izici zomkhiqizo we-BB pellets

Izithako eziyisisekelo zalezi pellets yi, izihlanga zommbila, utshani lukakolweni, irayisi straw, igobolondo lamantongomane (4644 kcal/kg), izikhwebu zommbila, amagatsha ukotini, isiqu sesoya, ukhula (utshani basendle), amagatsha, Ikwenza konke lokhu ngenkathi ikhipha umsindo omncane kakhulu futhi icishe ingabi naziro ezingcolisayo, i-sawdust, nezinye izibi zezitshalo. Ngemva kokuba impahla eluhlaza ochotshoziwe, bese ecindezela, futhi iphrintiwe, yakhelwe ibe yi-pellet shape ukunikeza ingcindezi phakathi kwe-roller futhi iyafa kumpahla. Ukuminyana kwezinto ekuqaleni kwakucishe kube ngu-130kg/m3, kodwa ukuminyana kwama-pellets akhuphukela phezulu kuka-1100kg/m3, ngakho lokho kwenza kube lula ukugcinwa kanye ditranspor, kanye nokusebenza kokukhuphuka kukaphethiloli.

I-Sawdust Pellets

Umugqa wokukhiqiza we-sawdust pellets: ukuthengwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, izinto zokuqoqa, ukomisa, i-pelletizing kanye nokupakisha. Okuqukethwe kwamanzi kwe-sawdust kuseduze 30-45% kanye nentengo yezinto zokusetshenziswa nxazonke nge 21.05 - 24,29 USD/ton. Imigomo yenani le-calorific ingafinyelela 4.000 - 4.500 kcal.

Ama-Pellet Amahlumela

Umugqa wokukhiqiza wama-pellets amahlumela: ukuthengwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukuchoboza, ukomisa, i-pelletizing, nokupakisha. Izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa ~16,19 USD/ton. Inani le-calorific lamagatsha ama-pellets aphansi kune-sawdust pellets.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza:

ukuthengwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa, ukomisa, i-pelletizing, nokupakisha. Izinga lempahla lincike esikhathini sokutshala. Zonke izinto zokwakha zingagcinwa kahle ngesikhathi, bese yomiswa, kanye ne-pelletizing. Amanzi omoba amayelana 20-25%. I-Pellets bagasse inevelu ye-calorific ephezulu 3.400-4.200 kcal (ngaphambi kwe-pelletizing kuphela nxazonke 1825 kcal, futhi uma i-bagasse iluhlaza yayishisisa kuphela kusetshenziswa igesi ephuma kushimula weketela., umthamo wamanzi we-pulp wehla 40%, futhi inani lekhalori liba ngu-2305kKal).

Ama-pellets ama-bagasse (isikhwama) I-bioenergy entsha. Ingasetshenziswa njenge-heater yesikhala, isitofu, ama-boilers wamanzi ashisayo kanye nezimboni, I-PLTBm, nokunye. Usebenza esikhundleni sezinkuni, amalahle, amafutha kaphethiloli, kanye ne-LPG. I-Bagasse inokuqukethwe kwamandla futhi izinga likaphethiloli liphezulu. Uju, okuqukethwe komlotha okungu-~6%.

Amandla we-bagasse e-Indonesia 30 amathani/Ha/ngonyaka. Ngenkathi, umhlabathi umoba (2014) kwe 447.000 Ha [63,46% ziku-Java, okunye 36,54% ngaphandle kwe-Java], bese kuba namandla e-bagasse ingqikithi cishe 13,41 amathani ayizigidi ngonyaka, okuyindawo yokunqampuna kwehle ngo 6% uma kuqhathaniswa nonyaka 2013, (470.198 Ha). Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ze-DN kashukela futhi kuncishiswe ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe koshukela oluhlaza, uHulumeni wasungula indawo yokutshala umoba ngaphezu kwalokho 500,000 Ha eningizimu-mpumalanga yeSulawesi, P., U-Aru noMerauke, kanye nokwakha 10 izimboni ezintsha zikashukela DN. Esikhathini esizayo, kuzoba khona i-bagasse eyengeziwe mayelana 15 amathani/ngonyaka.

Imfucuza eqinile yomoba itholakala emiphumeleni yohlobo lwe-nira kusihlungi sesigubhu esijikelezayo ibizwa ngokuthi ikhekhe lokuhlunga.. Lapho omisiwe, ikhekhe lokuhlunga lingasetshenziswa ngokuqondile njengamafutha ekhishini ukupheka. Ikhekhe lokuhlunga ngokuvamile lisetshenziselwa umquba.

Ukukhethwa kwe-Tread and Budget Izindleko ze-Pellet Mill Bagasse e-Wood Pellet Indonesia

I-Tread Mill bagasse kufanele ibekwe endaweni lapho izinto zokusetshenziswa ziningi, ezishibhile futhi eduze nesikhumulo sezindiza/ichweba ukuze kube lula ukuthuthwa komkhiqizo, ngakho izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa nezinye izindleko (umsebenzi, ukuqashwa kwempahla, ukuphathwa kwezindleko, njll.) ingasindiswa njengoba iphansi. Izici zokuba semthethweni kwemboni yokwakha nezimvume: TDI, SIUP, KUYA, I-IMB, Izindlela eziqondile ze-chipper yebhulashi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uthenga luphi uhlobo lwe-chipper. ezihlobene zidinga ukulungiswa. Isitifiketi sokuthekelisa (I-SVLK) kanye nesitifiketi somkhiqizo (isibonelo esivela ku-Sucofindo,kanye ne-SGS) nazo ziyalungiswa.

I-investimenti yokuqala ye-pellet mill bagasse nxazonke 112.414 I-USD enomthamo we 1 ithani/h (umthamo ungandiswa ufinyelele 6 amathani/amahora ukwengeza impahla edingekayo).

Investment ukwakha izimboni ezizungeze 19.271 I-USD enendawo ephansi engu-6.000m2.

Ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala kwemishini nxazonke 72.266 I-USD kuhlanganise nezomisi 24.089 I-USD, ikheji elidakayo Pellets Bagasse 2/10/2020 5/31 1.927 I-USD, iKhabhinethi kagesi 1.927 I-USD, umshini we-pellet (1 ithani/h) 25.695 I-USD, Izindlela eziqondile ze-chipper yebhulashi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uthenga luphi uhlobo lwe-chipper.

Imali yokusebenza emhlabeni jikelele 40.148 I-USD ekugcinweni kokuqala kwezinto zokusetshenziswa kanye nokuthengiswa kwangaphambili komkhiqizo.

Lapho imakethe kanye nokusebenza kuzinzile, ungakwazi ukwandisa utshalomali lwakho. Isomisi 24.089 I-USD ingasetshenziselwa 3 umshini we-pellet, ungamane wengeze kokubili ku-Stranding cage, umshini we-pellet, kanye ne-conveyor. Lapho isigayo pellet ezingaphezu kuka ezintathu, khona-ke isomisi sidinga ukungezwa futhi i-forklift yeloli iyadingeka. Ukupholisa injini kudinga ukucatshangelwa kuye ngezimo zokukhiqiza.

I-Wood Pellet Indonesia Izindleko & Ukuhlaziywa kweMargin Of Pellets Bagasse

Inhloso Yebhizinisi: 500 amathani/ngenyanga (ukuqala). Lapho ukusebenza okuvamile, ukukhiqizwa kwanyanga zonke kunganyuswa kuze kufike 1,500 amathani noma 3,000 amathani. Imikhiqizo yonyaka mayelana 30,000 amathani.

I-ROI Pellets Bagasse:

• Intengo yezimpahla zikamoba ezingavuthiwe: 19,45 USD/ton
• Izindleko zokuhamba: 3,24 USD/ithani [imali yokupakisha kanye nezindleko zokuphuma]
• Ukuchoboza: 0
• Isomisi sikagesi esilayishayo: 1,39 USD/ton [7,5 kV umshini kagesi omiswe 0.7 amathani/ihora]
• Umthwalo kagesi u-peletisasi: 11,67 USD/ton [90kW injini kagesi pellet 1 wakho/d]
• Ukupakisha: 5,19 USD/ton [25kg/isaka; 0,13 USD/isaka]
• Abasebenzi-ngqo: 8,10 USD/ton [1 ithuluzi for 8 abasebenzi, 11,34 I-USD ye 1 abasebenzi ngosuku olulodwa]
• Izindleko zokunyathela: 5,33 USD/ton [19.434 USD ukusetshenziswa 10 iminyaka]
• Izindleko zethuluzi: 3,25 USD/ton [ithuluzi 80.976 I-USD ye 26 izinsuku/inyanga phakathi 5 izinsuku zokusetshenziswa]
• Izindleko zokunakekelwa: 4,86 USD/ton [izindleko zokufa / amehlo emizwa agugile]
• TOTAL izindleko: 62,48 USD/ton

Ukubalwa Kwemiholo: Izindleko eziphelele: 62,48 USD/ton; intengo yokuthengisa yama-pellets esitshalweni: 97,17 USD/ton; inzuzo ephelele ngethani elilodwa 34.69 I-USD. Uma ukukhiqizwa kwanyanga zonke kwe 500 amathani, inzuzo eyinsalela nyanga zonke 17.345 I-USD.

Ngenkathi, I-ROI Sawdust pellets

• Intengo ye-sawdust yempahla eluhlaza: 22,67 USD/ton
• Izindleko zokuhamba: 4,86 USD/ton [imali yokupakisha kanye nezindleko zokuphuma]
• Ukuchoboza: 0
• Isomisi sikagesi esilayishayo: 2,08 USD/ton [7,5 kV umshini kagesi omiswe 0.7 amathani/ihora]
• Isigayo se-electrical load pellet: 15,16 USD/ton [90kW injini kagesi pellet 1 wakho/d]
• Ukupakisha: 5,18 USD/ton [25kg/isaka; 0,13 USD/isaka]
• Abasebenzi-ngqo: 8,10 USD/ton [1 ithuluzi for 8 abasebenzi, 11,34 I-USD ye 1 abasebenzi ngosuku olulodwa]
• Izindleko zokunyathela: 5,33 USD/ton [19.434 USD ukusetshenziswa 10 iminyaka]
• Izindleko zethuluzi: 3,25 USD/ton [ithuluzi 80.976 I-USD ye 26 izinsuku/inyanga phakathi 5 izinsuku zokusetshenziswa]
• Izindleko zokunakekelwa: 5,83 USD/ton [izindleko zokufa / amehlo emizwa agugile]
• TOTAL izindleko: 72,46 USD/ton

Ukubalwa Kwemiholo: Izindleko eziphelele: 72,46 USD/ton; intengo yokuthengisa yama-pellets esitshalweni: 137,65 USD/ton; inzuzo net ngethani elilodwa kuyinto 65,19 I-USD. Uma ukukhiqizwa kwanyanga zonke kwe 500 amathani, inzuzo eyinsalela nyanga zonke 32.595 I-USD.

I-Wood Pellet yase-Indonesia Irayisi Utshani/Ukolweni/Utshani/okufana

Nasi isibonelo sohlelo lwamathuluzi omshini okhiqiza ama-pellets otshani berayisi / ukolweni ngomthamo wamapellets 200-300 kg/h. Imishini enjalo ingasebenzisa nezinye izinto ezingavuthiwe ezinjengokhuni, isikhwama, izihlanga / isikhumba sommbila / amabele, igobolondo lamantongomane, i-bagasse jatropha, isikhumba sekhofi, isitshalo esikhula ngokushesha, isiqu sesundu (kwe 8.6 ithani/Ha, 3650kcal/kg) i-sawdust, izingcezu zephepha, kanye nokushefa kwezinkuni. Umshini uqukethe isigayo sesando, umshini we-pellet, okupholile, isihlukanisi se-pellet esidlidlizayo esifakwe isibambi sothuli ukuvimbela ukungcoliswa kothuli. Njengoba kwaziwa, hay into eshelelayo futhi icindezelwe kanzima. Ngakho-ke, umshini udinga i-fid screw conveyor eklanywe ngokukhethekile nge-hopper eyengeziwe, ukuze umsebenzisi angeze i-sawdust nezingcezu zephepha ukuze athuthukise izinga lama-pellets. Uma i-bait imanzi kakhulu, khona-ke i-dryer eyengeziwe idinga ukungezwa.

Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zezibonelo zeminye imishini (Thula, Qhubeka / elolini, umshini wokuthunga, enkulu nencane) eziningi ezitholakala emakethe LN [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]; DN [1, 2, 3] ukwenza ama-pellets ngezinto zokusetshenziswa kwe-biomass ehlukahlukene.

Ukuqhathaniswa kwe-Pellet straw (ukufaka i-pellet ku-rice husk ) kukhona: amanzi Okuqukethwe: 8-10% (15- 30%); okuqukethwe komlotha 3% (15-20%); i-caloric Value: 18,5 MJ/kg (13,98 MJ/kg) noma 4422 kcal/kg (3341 kcal/kg). Ukushiswa kwamapellets otshani kukhiqiza i-carbon neutral engasetshenziswa emuva ekukhuleni kwe-biomass elandelayo..

Ukwakhiwa kwama-pellets of straw kungakhuphula ukuminyana kwekhoba lerayisi, ukunciphisa izindleko zokuthutha, okuqukethwe kwamandla kokukhuphuka (4422kKal/kg), okuqukethwe komlotha okuphansi (3%), kanye nomlotha wokushiswa kwama-pellets otshani ungasetshenziswa njengomanyolo wamaminerali ekukhuleni kwezitshalo.

Izinyathelo zokwenziwa kwe-straw pellet ye-Wood Pellet Indonesia

1. Ukuhlukaniswa kotshani kwezinye izinto.
2. Ukozela utshani. Ngaphambi kokuba utshani buthunyelwe ku-feeder, Kumele ehliswe abe iyunifomu (15%, ukusetshenziswa kwesomisi sesigubhu esijikelezayo kuyadingeka.
3. Ukomiswa kotshani. Ngokuvamile utshani bomiswa emoyeni ngokuqukethwe kwamanzi 15%, ukuze

ukomiswa kotshani akudingekile. Nokho, uma okuqukethwe kwamanzi >15%, ukusetshenziswa kwe-dryer

isigubhu esijikelezayo siyadingeka.

4. I-pelletizing emshinini we-pellet. Ngemva kokuhamba ngenqubo yokudonsa nokumisa, utshani buthuthelwa emshinini we-pellet wokusebenzisa ibhande lokuhambisa (umthumeli). Ngosizo lokucindezela phakathi komshini wokufa ne-roller wokusebenza, i-straw pellet iyacindezelwa futhi isikwe ngobude obufunayo (6mm 8mm).
5. Ukupholisa utshani be-pellets. Ukuze kugcinwe izinga lama-pellets ngesikhathi sokugcina nokuphatha, ukukhishwa kwama-pellets otshani ekushiseni okuphezulu kufanele kupholiswe emoyeni kuya ekamelweni lokushisa noma ngaphezulu kancane kusetshenziswa isiqondiso somoya opholisa injini.

Amazwe akhiqiza irayisi (10) okungenzeka ukuthi zisebenzisa umshini we-straw pellet ukuvuselela amandla otshani yiShayina, I-India, I-Indonesia, I-Bangladesh, Vietnam, Thailand, Philippines, eMyanmar, Brazil, naseJapane.

Ikusasa le-Wood Pellet Indonesai (ukuhlanganisa ne-PLTPk)

Amapulangwe okhuni (WP) kwaqala eziningi zakhiqizwa. Kunethuba elinamandla lokuthi kuzokwenzeka isikhukhula sokuhlinzekwa ku-DN futhi i-LN ingahlukaniswa ngentengo.. Bheka izintengo zamazwe ngamazwe lapha kanye nesithombe (Olandelayo). Abathekelisi be-LN ukuze baqale ukugqoka imiqondo bathola i-WP ihamba phambili, kodwa intengo ishibhile. Ngakho-ke, sekuyisikhathi sokuba osomabhizinisi be-WP bahlomise ibhizinisi labo:

1. Ukuhlinzeka nge-WP ku-PANTI yamandla kagesi amalahle ukuze ithathe indawo yamalahle kancane / ngokuphelele (isayine i-MoU nge-PLANT yamandla aphehlwa ngamalahle).
2. Amandla okwakha TSHALA Amapulangwe okhuni (nge-PLTP; I-PLTBm = i-biomass; isibonelo eJapane) kwe DN / indawo ezungeze ifektri WP.
3. Ukutshala isihlahla sokuvuna okusheshayo, ingatshalwa futhi izinga lihle endaweni ebucayi / izimayini (ithini, amalahle, igolide, zircon, ithusi, i-nickel, njll.) kumpahla yekhwalithi ye-WP, njenge-kaliandra ebomvu (isitofu somlilo eduze nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka).
4. Khuthaza ukuhlalisana kwabantu ngokusetshenziswa kwe-WP & isitofu (izitolimende / izitolimende) emphakathini (esikhundleni se 3 kg LPG BBGas okunzima ukuyithola njengamanje). Umphakathi ozungeze i-Factory WP ukhetha ukuthenga i-WP ngentengo yefekthri.

Kwakuhloselwe ukuzinzisa intengo ye-WP ngesikhathi esisodwa amandla kazwelonke futhi kuvulwe imisebenzi emisha edingekayo kubantu embonini ye-WP., Ngokwesibonelo:

• I-PT Austral Byna yakha i-PLTPk engu-100MW (i-10MW ngayinye ibiza ama-Rp150 ajwayelekile) e-Mantuil Banjarmasin, Muara Teweh (Umugqa. I-North Barito) enkabeni yeKalimantan, naseMpumalanga Kalimantan.
• PT NGOKUPHELELE (I-Prima National Engineering Service) mayelana ne-kerma (I-MoU) neSifunda, Morowali, Central Sulawesi, ukwakha i-PLTBm engu-10MW (kubiza ama-Rp.30 ajwayelekile 2 iminyaka, FS 6 izinyanga) ngempahla eluhlaza ye-calliandra calothyrsus esabalele eMorowali (200Ha).
• I-PT EMI (Ukuphathwa Kwezamandla e-Indonesia) yakha i-PLTPk cishe ngo-5-10MW (amandla WP KM: 4.800kCal, i-biochar ~ 7.500 kcal) e Purworejo, I-Central Java (nge luas plant 10 Ha) usebenzisa i-WP ye-KM enomthamo we 36.000 amathani/ngonyaka. Imfucuza / Umlotha we-WP usengenziwa umanyolo wokubuyiselwa komhlaba we-peat owande kakhulu e-Indonesia (umhlaba 4). I-PLTPk ithuthukiswe ezindaweni eziningana e-Indonesia. Impahla eluhlaza (KM) etholwe emphakathini waseWonosobo, UMagelang, I-Kebumen, eBanyumas.
• Iqembu leKorindo lihlela ukwakha i-PLTBm (amapulangwe ezinkuni) 10MW eJayapura, I-Papua. Inkampani engaphansi kweKorinte, I-PT Tunas Sawaerma, ngokubambisana nohulumeni weSifundazwe sasePapua kanye neRegency yaseJayapura, ukucela imvume yomhlaba 12.000 Ha of which cishe 7,200 Hawu indawo eya ku-HTI (Imboni yezimboni Amahlathi, ngesimo somuthi we-Eucalyptus Pellita kanye ne-Red Jabon ephethwe yi-PT Biomass Papua Lestari) kanye ne-PLTBm (ngu-PT Bio Green Jayapura). Nokho, bashayisa umhlaba wesintu, futhi abakafinyeleli esivumelwaneni nomphakathi wendawo.

Intengo ye-Wood Pellet Indonesia(shintsha ngokuya ngokuhlinzekwa & ukufuna):

Okwasekhaya (intengo yefekthri, Ex-Works) ($115-125)

• I-Jakarta Rp. 1700/kg,
• I-Banten Rp. 1600/kg
• I-West Java Rp.1600/kg,
• I-Central Java Rp.1600/kg
• I-East Java Rp.1550/kg.
• Kwamanye amazwe: FOB $140/thani; I-CIF $ 160/ithani

Hlola lapho kukhona isitoko se-WP e-Indonesia? thintana nomuntu oxhumene naye wale [email protected]

Ingozi Ukucutshungulwa KwamaPellet Ezinkuni

Uma ukhiqiza i-WP, cabanga nezinto ezihambisana nempilo nokuphepha kwabasebenzi:

• Izingozi zamapulangwe okhuni othuli endaweni yesitshalo,
• Ubuthi bemikhiqizo ye-Bd - igesi CO endaweni yokugcina i-WP (isilo, i-hopper, indawo evulekile); futhi
• Imikhiqizo ye-Bd kebakaran embonini ye-WP, izitshalo zamandla, Izindlela eziqondile ze-chipper yebhulashi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uthenga luphi uhlobo lwe-chipper.

Thatha ithuba le-Waste Biomass Ku-WP Ekuzungezile

• Thatha ithuba ngayo yonke eminye imikhiqizo yezolimo engelutho, isibonelo isikhwebu & izihlanga zommbila, iziqu ze-cassava, isikhwama (4476kcal / kg), uqalo (4105kcal / kg), ikhoba lelayisi & irayisi straw, izixha zezithelo ezingenalutho zamafutha esundu, amagatsha, udoti, i-sawdust, amagobolondo amantongomane agayiwe (4644kcal / kg), izinwele ezinsundu, sengon buto (3948kCal / kg, okuqukethwe umswakama 14.21%, okuqukethwe komlotha 1.08 iphesenti), Izindlela eziqondile ze-chipper yebhulashi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uthenga luphi uhlobo lwe-chipper. ku WP

Uma ufuna ukuvula umhlaba, Bala imfucuza etholakalayo bese icindezelwa ku-WP, njengemali engenayo ye-adan (njenge-PLTBm yezinto zikaphethiloli / amalahle avuthelwa amandla asekhaya PLANT, ithunyelwe ku-LN, amafutha eziko, izinto zikagesi zasendlini, izindawo zokudlela, isikhungo Culinary, njll.); hhayi ngokushisa ihlathi elizobe limayelana nokubhema kuwo wonke amagumbi omhlaba.

Izibonelo Zabakhiqizi bomshini wePellet wokhuni

Embusweni (DN)

• I-PT Toba Green Synergy, Ngenkathi, enyakatho yeSumatra
• IN (Dalan Iskan) (nge-PT SDI, I-Sociopreneur Ngenxa ye-Indonesia) imema abafundi bomshini wokwenza i-SMK i-WP (1 ithani / h) ukuze kusetshenziswe ukutshalwa kwezinkuni KM in 30 Izifundazwe (empumalanga Kalimantan, I-NTB, I-Riau , Lampung, Bengkulu, Izindlela eziqondile ze-chipper yebhulashi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uthenga luphi uhlobo lwe-chipper). Umshini wokwakha we-PT SDI i-WP kanye ne-PLTBm, futhi izothenga i-KM kubantu. Isiqubulo sakhe sithi umphakathi uthola imisebenzi nemali engenayo (kusukela ekulungiseni i-WP, izinkomo nezimbuzi, izinkomo nezinyosi) kanye nokuthola amandla.

UMbuso womshini (Ama-SME), imishini yokukhiqiza WP umthamo 400-600kg/h kanye 800-1000kg/h; Isi-Malang, empumalanga Java.

Kwamanye amazwe (LN)

• Umkhiqizi we China

  

Ulwazi mayelana nomkhiqizi wemishini ehlobene namapulangwe okhuni, kungaba okokusebenza komuntu ngamunye noma kuhlanganiswe nezinhlobonhlobo zamandla okukhiqiza i-WP ye 1.5 amathani/ihora kuya 12 amathani/ihora livame ukubuzwa kumfundi. Imininingwane yomkhiqizo TAICHANG okulandelayo kungasetshenziswa njengereferensi yokusesha kokuqala kwale mishini. Uma unentshisekelo, othintana naye [email protected]

• Umshini we-Pellet umile ngaphezu kwalezi zokwenziwa ze-TAICHANG ezitholakala eShandong China. Amandla we 0.8-1 ton/h idinga amandla angu-55kW, ngenkathi umthamo we 3-4 amathani/ihora, idinga amandla angu-220kW.

Izinzuzo zomkhiqizo we TAICHANG uma kuqhathaniswa nomkhiqizo we-WP enye:

• Ukuminyana kuthuthukiswa kakhulu ngokwakhiwa komshini. Isebenzisa ukwakheka kwe-modular ukukhulisa ukuthembeka kokusebenza nge 4-6 izikhathi.
• Isebenzisa umshini omuhle kakhulu wokuvala i-labyrinth ongathinteki futhi ongathinteki kakhulu.
• Khulisa indawo engaphezulu yesinciphisi, yamukela ukupholisa komoya okuphoqelekile kanye nesihlangu sohlobo olusha lwe-deflector esinokusebenza okuhle kokukhipha ukushisa.
• I-lubrication yomshini wonke iklanyelwe ngesisekelo sokushisa okuphansi okuvumelekile kwamafutha, okuthuthukisa ukwethembeka komsebenzi. Okwamanje, izindleko zokunakekela ziyancipha ngenxa yokwandiswa komjikelezo wokushintsha uwoyela.
• Phula isimo somshini we-pellet wokhuni oboleka isinciphisi sendabuko sezimboni. Sisebenzisa i-reducer ekhethekile yomshini we-pellet wokhuni.

Iyunithi yesifunda njengoba kukhonjisiwe ngezansi:

UKUHLELWA KOKHIQIZWA KWAMAPHELETHI EZINTATHU

AMAPHELETHI ENDAWO YOKUKHIQIZA UMUZI

ISIGABA ESIHLUKILEYO AMAPHELETHI OKWENGEZIWE

Intengo yomshini we-pellet womshini kanye namadivayisi avela kwabanye abakhiqizi kungabonakala lapha.

• Umkhiqizi weSibonelo saseYurophu:

Imikhiqizo yenjini ye-WP eJalimane (eminye imikhiqizo isetshenziswe endaweni yokugaya izinkuni eSurabaya).

Isibonelo Somkhiqizi / Imboni ye-WP e-Indonesia

I-Carousel yenza amaphrojekthi omsebenzi empumalanga yeJava, Central Java, I-Sumatra, I-Kalimantan, kanye nePapua. I-Indonesia izoba yi-Carousel okuhloswe ngayo ukuthi ibe umphakeli we-WP esikhathini esizayo e-Asia futhi ikakhulukazi i-biopellet ethathwe kumfucumfucu wefenisha., i-midrib yesundu samafutha, EFB, isikhwama somoba, utshani, i-calliandra calothyrsus, i-sawdust, Izindlela eziqondile ze-chipper yebhulashi ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi uthenga luphi uhlobo lwe-chipper.

• I-North sumatra (Ngenkathi) PT Toba Green Synergy ukusebenza ekupheleni 2016 usebenzisa i-EFB yesundu (EFB, tankos palm) kumafutha e-pellets tankos asetshenziswa njengenye indlela ye-BB ukuthobela UMTHETHO No. 32 unyaka 2009. Izinzuzo ze-pellet tankos palm umswakama uphansi, ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ukushisa okuphezulu, ukuphatha & isitoreji kulula, ilungele uhlelo lwe-boiler ye-lattice, futhi ikhiqiza intuthu ephansi. Uju, okuqukethwe komlotha >3%. Iyacubungula 1 Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-FFB (Izixha Zesithelo Ezintsha) ikhiqize imfucuza ye 0.23 Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-EFB; 0,13 amathani e-mesocarpfibre (imicu); 0,06 amathani amagobolondo (igobolondo lesundu), futhi 0.65 amathani we-LCPKS (Imfucuza yokugaya amafutha esundu). I-EFB ngalesi sikhathi isetshenziswa kuphela njengomquba (imboza ngabo izithombo zezihlahla). Inqubo esetshenzisiwe ihlanganisa: I-Empty Bunch Crusher, uhlelo lwe-hydraulic, I-Empty Bunch Cindezela, i-Shredded Empty Brunch, Umsiki, Isomisi, Umshini Wezitini, kanye ne-Bricket Bunker. Ukuqagela: EFB (kwe-TBS) kwe 23%, umthamo uma i-VFD 30ton/j, I-EFB ikhiqizwe ~ 6.9 amathani/d. Kudingeka umthamo wokushisela iyunithi owodwa ongu-7ton/h. Kafushane inqubo yokwenza amapulangwe ezinkuni: I-EFB iphukile (ukuchoboza), ihlehliwe (ukuhlikihla), slam (ukubhula), acindezelwe (ngokucindezela) ukuze kuncishiswe umthamo wamanzi, nokukhothoza amanye amafutha; bese kuthunyelwa nge-conveyor kuyunithi yokomisa (ukomisa), ukusika (ukusika, ubuningi 2 intshi) nokunye kumshini we-pellet tankos. Inani eliphakeme kakhulu lama-VFD 30 kg/h noma 600 kg/ngosuku, EFB 138ribu kg/ngosuku, I-Pellet EFB (40% kwe EFB) 55.200 kg/ngosuku, I-Tilapia ishisa ama-Pellet tankos 17.660 kJ/kg (4.640 kcal/kg), ukushisa okungaba khona kwama-pellets 974.832.000 kJ/ngosuku. Ama-pellets amahlanu ama-tanos alingana nawo 12 kg LPG igesi isilinda. Inani pellet machine tankos course made in China ~33.000 USD.

• I-Riau Islands: IMIBONO ngokubambisana ne-PT APP (I-Achmadi Post Pioneer) yenza ucwaningo ukuze kusungulwe izitshalo zamandla asehlathini nokutshala i-WP ePhallus (Kwakukhona mayelana 604 isiqhingi esikhulu & encane).
• I-West java: Isitshalo se-WP e-Ciamis, umthamo 2,500 amathani/ngenyanga (60%kwe-DN, 40% kwe LN) IN (Dalan Iskan) ngiye embonini ye-WP (2x350kg/j, KM izinto zokusetshenziswa) Ds Ixhaphozi, isifunda. Cingambul, Umugqa. UMajalengka; ukudlula i-tempe eDukuh Semar, I-Cirebon, esizama ukwenza i-WP.
• IMIBONO kanye ne-PT MBT (Inkanyezi Ezintathu Ezizimele) ngokubambisana ukuthuthukisa amandla kaliandra, kanye ne-WP yemboni eSumedang, Ithusi, kanye neBandung.
• I-Central Java: i-papart wood pellets abakhiqizi befenisha abakhulu be-PT South Pacific e-Jepara, Central Java, khiqiza i-WP kunokumosha okunye ukukhiqizwa kwefenisha ukukhiqizwa kwe-WP-eyaziwayo eningizimu ye-korea (70,000 amathani/ngonyaka), ngoba izinga lihle (ikhalori ephezulu, amakhemikhali kanye nomlotha uphansi kakhulu). Izitshalo ezine i-WP kuhlelwe ukuthi zakhiwe maphakathi ne-biomass engadini ezindaweni ezahlukene (Isilinganiso esiphezulu 4 amahora ukusuka ku-International Airport).

• I-PT SPI (Ipaki yelanga e-Indonesia, eKalikajar, Wonosobo, Central Java) owabikezela okokuqala njengephrojekthi yokuhlola amathuba okutshalwa kwezimali kwesisekelo sokhuni lwe-biomass (kanye ne-WP yemboni) phakathi kwe-Indonesia ne-republic yase-Korea (200,000 Ha) ibiphethwe endaweni. Manje iyathengiswa (Rp.19,5 billion) kwamanye amaqembu (ngisho enye injini isivele yakhunyulwa, futhi ithengiswe ngocezu ngalunye).
• Semarang: PT Mahya Bioenergy, umthamo 2,000 amathani/ngenyanga (ubuningi 10,000 amathani/ngenyanga), izinkuni albasia, 4200-4600 kcal/kg, ububanzi 8mm, okuqukethwe umswakama 7-9%.
• Purworejo: I-PT EMI (Ukuphathwa Kwezamandla e-Indonesia) (okungaphansi kukahulumeni nge-subsidiary PT EBI) ingabe i-kerma nohulumeni we-Purworejo yakha ifektri entsha ye-WP ethathwe ku-wood calliandra calothyrsus enamandla 36.000 amathani/ngonyaka. Ukukhiqizwa kwayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nesidingo se-WP DN (250 amathani/ngosuku) kanye ne-LN Japan kanye ne-south korea ekhulayo ngayinye 250 amathani/ngosuku (10,000 amathani/ngenyanga) nge-LOI. Indawo yefekthri 10 Ha.
• E-Yogyakarta: omunye wabahlinzeki be-WP (50 amathani/ngenyanga) kuRiphabhulikhi yaseKorea (naseJapane) iyi-PT Greeno Energy Innovation ye-Ds. Phakathi, Ukuvuka, Helpl, I-DIY. Impahla eluhlaza eyinhloko yi-sawdust , etholakala eJateng & I-DIY, leyo mfucuza exubile enye i-biomass njengekhoba lerayisi, uginindela umoba (isikhwama), uthuli lukagwayi, nokumosha imali yamaphepha. Ufulawa we-Tapioca wengezwe kuwo njenge-adhesive.
• I-East java (I-Paiton, Probolinggo): I-PT Pellet Biomass Indonesia, umkhiqizi we-WP ye-premium (Ikhalori - 4600 kcal / kg; umswakama 8%; umlotha okuqukethwe 1.2%; ubuncane bomlayezo: 16 amathani; ichweba laseSurabaya; isikhathi sokuthumela 1 inyanga; L/C, T/T; ekwazi ukuphakela: 2000 amathani/ngenyanga).

• UMadura: April 2015, I-CV Gate i-Lestari isungule i-WP yefekthri ephethwe ngu-Ponpes Darul Ittihad ku-Ds. Kombangan, isifunda. Geger Kab. I-Bangkalan, I-Madura enomthamo we 1 ithani/h, ngokhuni impahla eluhlaza calliandra calothyrsus mayelana 12 amathani/ngosuku (1 usuku = 8 amahora, okumanzi okuluhlaza okuqukethe amanzi cishe 40%). Uma unyaka = 310 izinsuku, wabe esethatha impahla eluhlaza 12ton x 310 = 3720 amathani/ngonyaka, noma udinga ukuhlala 3720/20 = 186 Ha. Ngakho-ke, ingadi evunwa ngosuku, kuphela 186 Ha/310 = 0.6 Ha. Intengo yokuthengisa yamapulangwe ezinkuni KM Rp.The 1.6-2.5 million/ton. Ngenkathi, ukuthengisa intengo yokhuni KM kuphela Rp.367.000/ton. Ngemuva kokukhiqizwa kulawulwa yi-ISE (IMIBONO ye-Universe Energy, imishini evuselelwe yi-CV SBE, Ubunjiniyela be-Suriyabaja), WP 2 amathani/ihora noma 25tons/ngosuku (ngesimo sengxube ye-KM ne-Kemlandan) yathunyelwa eGrisik, kanye ne-PTN 8 e-Canning, Bandung (for BB ukomiswa kwamaqabunga etiye).Abasebenzisi bendawo baqale ukusebenzisa i-WP njengokungena esikhundleni se-LPG engonga izindleko ze- 47% lokho okuza nokusetshenziswa kwesitofu i-WP sibe yiphakheji elilodwa ne-WP. Lowo mbono uzothuthukiswa eMamuju (west sulawesi) kanye naseNyakatho Lombok (I-NTB). I-Wood Kaliandra ebomvu ivunwa ngemuva 14 izinyanga nge-CV Gate Lestari. Ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kwe 20 ton/Ha/th. Izakhamuzi zendawo zisebenzisa iphrojekthi yengadi yamandla kaliandra endaweni yesigodi sasehlathini 214 Ha kanye ne-WP yemboni 200 m2 (siza i-ICCTF, I-Indonesia Climate Change Trust Fund). Ngenkathi, umkhiqizo we-WP usetshenziswa njenge-BB PLTBm engu-197kW. I-ISE design factory WP 1.5 amathani/h e-Bangkalan madura, Mamuju (west sulawesi) 2 ithani/ihora, Karangantu, Banten, kanye ne-PLTBm ku-Ds. Selenga & Ngikhonze eNyakatho Lombok, I-NTB. Yamanje izinkuni pellet isigayo Madura the torpor, ukuntuleka kwezingxenye ezisele-umshini we-pellet ophukile.

• INingizimu Kalimantan: PT Jhonlin Agro Mandiri (I-PT JA) ukwakha i-WP yemboni endaweni 2 Ha ngomthamo we 4 amathani/ihora ngomshini ngokuzenzakalela. Impahla eluhlaza ivela okhunini iJabon, Gmelina, I-Sengon kanye ne-Acacia itshalwe endaweni yezwe 15.000 Ha. Ithagethi: thumela i-WP ku-Carousel naseYurophu.
• I-PT Inhutani III ihlinzeka nge-eucalyptus eluhlaza, sengon, kanye negamali elitshalwe ezweni eliseduze 5,000 Ha, itilosi, INingizimu Kalimantan, efektri i-WP eyakhiwe yi-PT SL Agro Industries (inkampani engaphansi kweCarousel, I-Depian) ngomthamo cishe 100,000 amathani (2015). Ngaphezu kwalokho, I-PT SLAI ihlinzeka nge-WP kusukela efekthri kuya ezinkampanini zaseNingizimu Korea i-Western Power Co. Ltd. I-Kerma Inhutani III ne-China nayo yasayinwa, kanye ne-Inutani III ukulungisa izwe 5,000 Ha. I-PLTBm 2x10MW ene-chip yezinkuni eluhlaza (140.000 amathani) futhi yakhelwe ukweseka isikhungo sikagesi, kuyilapho amanye amandla kagesi ethengiswa ku-PLN.
• West Sulawesi (Mamuju): Imboni ye-WP izokwakhiwa yi-MCA-I (I-akhawunti ye-Millennium Challenge-Indonesia) ngomthamo we 600 amathani/ngenyanga, futhi amandla engadini avela ku-HTR (ipulazi lomphakathi Amahlathi) kanye ne-HR (Ihlathi Labantu) i-kaliandra ebomvu elungiselelwe 748Ha. Ngokwesinye isandla, abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe abavela kuCarousel PT Bara Indoco (Meyi 2018) tshala izimali nge-IUPHHK (Ilayisensi yebhizinisi Yokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo we-Timber Forest) (sengon & U-Calliandra) I-HTI 27.300 Ha (cishe 700m3 wezingodo, WP 200,000 amathani/ngonyaka) phakathi 3 izifunda (izifunda ezingaphansi kwe-tampal 14.865 Ha, Tommo, Kalumpang) eMamuju (west sulawesi). Isitshalo se 80,000 amathani/ngonyaka azokwakhiwa esiFundeni saseDappled. Kalukku.
• I-Papua: (Merauke) IMIBONO ngokubambisana ne-PT SIS (Iqondaniswe ne-Core of the Universe, Iqembu le-MEDCO) wenza iFS (Ucwaningo lokungenzeka) ukuhlanganiswa kwezitshalo zamandla ehlathi kanye nokwakhiwa kwesitshalo i-WP.

Inkinga Evame Ukwenzeka I-Wood Pellet Indonesia

Okufanele ukwenze uma umkhiqizo i-WP yakho kuvela ukuthi inomlotha kanye namazinga e-chlorine (i-ion chloride) ingaphezulu kwezicaciso ezicelwe yikhasimende?

Yenza inqubo Torrefaction (Ukugazinga ngomhwamuko wamanzi), eqoqweni le-reactor ezingeni lokushisa 250-300 oC, ingcindezi eduze nomfutho womkhathi, ngaphandle kwe-oxygen / amanzi, izinga lokushisa liphansi (isikhathi sokuhlala 30-120 imizuzu). Amazinga e-chlorine ehla ngesigamu ngisho nangaphezulu 90%.

Enye indlela: Impushana yokhuni ikakhulukazi iqukethe amanzi aphezulu kumanzi okuqala (Ukugeza i-tor, I-Hydrothermal Carbonization) iqembu (imithombo ye-hydrothermal, amanzi ashisayo acindezelwe 20 ibha, ngenhloso amanzi igcinwa ngesimo liquid at lokushisa 180-260 ° c , isikhathi sokuhlala 5-10 imizuzu), isigayo se-pellet esisha esishajiwe, ipholile, bese uthumela ekhasimendeni. Amanzi angena phakathi kwezinhlayiya ze-biomass azoncibilikisa i-chloride kasawoti kanye ne-alkali.. Ngenxa yalokho, inani le-WP elishisayo liyenyuka, amazinga e-chlorine, amanzi, futhi okuqukethwe komlotha kwehlile, kanti ubunjalo beWP buqinile Umkhiqizo wawunuka amalahle / amalahle

Wonke umuntu wase-Indonesia uyazi ukuthi izwe linezinkuni eziningi zokubasa. Ngakho-ke, I-Indonesia ingaba ngelinye lamazwe anezimboni ezinkulu ze-wood pellet emhlabeni. Leli yithuba labantu base-Indonesia lokwenza imali futhi bacebe ngokushesha ngokusungulwa kwemboni yezinkuni.

I-Wood pellet I-Indonesia iyadingeka ukunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi ebamba ukushisa ekongiweni kwemvelo. Kuyindlela yokulima yepulangwe lezinkuni njengoba impahla eluhlaza ihlinzeka ngamandla e-eco-friendly futhi avuselelekayo.. Okuhle ukuthi uhulumeni uyaqaphela mayelana nalolu daba futhi asekele ukutshala njenge-wood pellet Indonesia ngezimali ezengeziwe. Kube wuhlelo oluhle lwebhizinisi kubatshalizimali abangaba abazimele abanenkinga yokubhekana naleli bhizinisi. Noma kunjalo, inhlanhla ukukhetha best izinkuni pellets inkampani indonesia.

Funda Futhi:

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